Sec 20-1631. Definition of motor vehicle; cancellation of or failure to renew coverage; limitations; limitation of liability; exceptions; insurance producers; definitions

A. In this article, unless the context otherwise requires, "motor vehicle" means a licensed land, motor-driven vehicle but does not mean:

1. A private passenger or station wagon type vehicle used as a public or livery conveyance or rented to others.

2. Any other four-wheel motor vehicle of a load capacity of fifteen hundred pounds or less that is used in the business of transporting passengers for hire, used in business primarily to transport property or equipment, used as a public or livery conveyance or rented to others.

3. Any motor vehicle with a load capacity of more than fifteen hundred pounds.

4. From and after February 29, 2016, a vehicle that otherwise qualifies as a motor vehicle under this subsection but only while the driver of the vehicle is logged in to a transportation network company's digital network or software application to be a driver or is providing transportation network services, unless expressly covered by the private passenger policy.

B. A motor vehicle used as a public or livery conveyance or rented to others does not include a motor vehicle used in the course of volunteer work for a tax-exempt organization as described in section 43-1201, subsection A, paragraph 4.

C. An insurer shall not cancel or refuse to renew a motor vehicle insurance policy solely because of the location of residence, age, race, color, religion, sex, national origin or ancestry of anyone who is an insured.

D. An insurer shall not issue a motor vehicle insurance policy in this state unless the cancellation and renewal conditions of the policy or the endorsement on the policy includes the limitations required by this section. After a policy issued in this state has been in effect for sixty days, or if the policy is a renewal, effective immediately, the company shall not exercise its right to cancel or fail to renew the insurance afforded under the policy unless:

1. The named insured fails to discharge when due any of the obligations of the named insured in connection with the payment of premium for this policy or any installment of the premium.

2. The insurance was obtained through fraudulent misrepresentation.

3. The named insured, any person who resides in the same household as the named insured and customarily operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy or any other person who regularly and frequently operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy:

(a) Has had the person's driver license suspended or revoked during the policy period.

(b) Develops a permanent disability, either physically or mentally, and such individual does not produce a certificate from a physician or a registered nurse practitioner testifying to such person's ability to operate a motor vehicle.

(c) Is or has been convicted during the thirty-six months immediately preceding the effective date of the policy or during the policy period of:

(i) Criminal negligence resulting in death, homicide or assault and arising out of the operation of a motor vehicle.

(ii) Operating a motor vehicle while in an intoxicated condition or while under the influence of drugs.

(iii) Leaving the scene of an accident.

(iv) Making false statements in an application for a driver license.

(v) Reckless driving.

4. The insurer is placed in rehabilitation or receivership by the insurance supervisory official in its state of domicile or by a court of competent jurisdiction or the director has suspended the insurer's certificate of authority based on its financially hazardous condition.

5. The named insured, any person who resides in the same household as the named insured and customarily operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy or any other person who regularly and frequently operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy uses a motor vehicle rated or insured under the policy as a private passenger motor vehicle regularly and frequently for commercial purposes.

6. From and after February 29, 2016, the named insured, any person who resides in the same household as the named insured and who customarily operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy or any other person who regularly and frequently operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy uses a motor vehicle rated or insured under the policy to provide transportation network services unless, while the driver is logged in to the transportation network company's digital network or software application to be a driver or is providing transportation network services, the named insured either:

(a) Has procured an endorsement to the private passenger policy that expressly provides such coverage.

(b) Is covered by a motor vehicle liability insurance policy issued by another insurer expressly providing such coverage.

7. The director determines that the continuation of the policy would place the insurer in violation of the laws of this state or would jeopardize the solvency of the insurer.

8. If the insured and the insured's family members are eligible for insurance based solely on the insured's employment with the insurer, employment of the insured with that insurer is terminated and the insurer exercises its right to nonrenew the policy within twelve months following the insured's termination of employment.

E. In addition to the authorization to fail to renew insurance provided by subsection D of this section, an insurer may exercise its right to fail to renew a motor vehicle insurance policy pursuant to this subsection. An insurer shall provide notice of the nonrenewal to the named insured as prescribed by section 20-1632 at least forty-five days before the nonrenewal. A named insured who disputes the nonrenewal of the named insured's policy may file an objection with the director pursuant to section 20-1633. An insurer shall not fail to renew more than one-half of one percent of its policies annually pursuant to this subsection. An insurer may fail to renew a motor vehicle insurance policy if the named insured, any person who resides in the same household as the named insured and who customarily operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy or any other person who regularly and frequently operates a motor vehicle insured under the policy has had at any time during the thirty-six months immediately before the notice of nonrenewal three or more at-fault accidents under any motor vehicle insurance policy issued by this insurer in which the property damage paid by the insurer for each accident that occurred prior to January 1, 2000 is more than one thousand eight hundred dollars. For accidents occurring on or after January 1, 2000, the department of insurance shall annually adjust and publish, to the nearest ten dollars, the threshold amount of property damages in this subsection by the percentage change in the all items component of the consumer price index for all urban consumers of the United States department of labor, bureau of labor statistics. The insurer shall not exercise its right to fail to renew the insurance under this subsection unless the same individual has had all the accidents that make the policy subject to nonrenewal under this subsection. The insurer shall not exercise its right to fail to renew a motor vehicle insurance policy pursuant to this subsection due to the accident record of the named insured if the named insured has been insured for standard automobile bodily injury coverage for at least ten consecutive years with the same insurer prior to the most recent accident that makes the policy subject to nonrenewal under this subsection. For the purposes of this subsection, "at-fault" means the insured is at least fifty percent responsible for the accident.

F. The company shall not cancel or fail to renew the insurance when a person other than the named insured has violated subsection D, paragraph 3 of this section, or fail to renew the insurance pursuant to subsection E of this section due to the driving record of an individual other than the named insured, if the named insured in writing agrees to exclude as insured the person by name when operating a motor vehicle and further agrees to exclude coverage to the named insured for any negligence that may be imputed by law to the named insured arising out of the maintenance, operation or use of a motor vehicle by the excluded person. The written agreement that excludes coverage under a policy for a named individual is effective for each renewal of the policy by the insurer and remains in effect until the insurer agrees in writing to provide coverage for the named individual who was previously excluded from coverage.

G. This article does not apply to any policy that has been in effect less than sixty days at the time notice of cancellation is mailed or delivered by the insurer unless the policy is a renewal policy, or to policies:

1. Insuring any motor vehicle other than a private passenger motor vehicle as defined in section 20-117.

2. Insuring the motor vehicle hazard of garages, motor vehicle sales agencies, repair shops, service stations or public parking places.

3. Providing insurance only on an excess basis.

H. If a consumer purchases motor vehicle insurance coverage from an insurance producer licensed in this state, the insurance producer that owns the policy expiration shall remain the insurance producer of record for that insured. In the event the insurer terminates the insurance producer's contract, the insurance producer shall continue to provide customary services to the insured. The insurer shall provide the insurance producer with a minimum degree of authority necessary to provide customary services to the insured and shall provide the same level of compensation for these services that were in effect prior to the termination of the insurance producer contract.

I. Subsection H of this section shall not apply if one or more of the following conditions exist:

1. The insurance producer of record has had its license suspended or revoked by the department.

2. The insurance producer of record is indebted to the insurer.

3. The insured has supplied the insurer with a written request that its insurance producer of record be changed to another insurance producer of the insurer.

4. The insurance producer of record has authorized transfer of this account to another licensed insurance producer of the insurer.

5. The director has determined after a public hearing that continuation of this relationship is not in the best interest of the public.

6. The insurance producer of record is under an exclusive contract or contract requiring the insurance producer to submit all eligible business to an insurer or group of insurers under a common management.

J. Subsection H of this section shall not apply to any transaction in which the expiration of the policies is owned by the insurer.

K. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, the issuance at renewal of revised policy provisions to modify an existing policy by adding coverages or policy provisions, modifying coverages or policy provisions, or eliminating coverages or policy provisions is not a nonrenewal or cancellation of the policy if the modification of a basic coverage does not eliminate the essential benefit of that basic coverage. If the modification of the basic coverage eliminates the essential benefit of the basic coverage, the director shall order the insurer to remove the modification from the policy. This subsection does not allow the insurer, without the written consent of the insured, to eliminate the basic coverages of the policy or to reduce the monetary limits of any of the basic coverages of the policy that were selected and agreed on. This subsection does not limit a policyholder from continuing to renew uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage pursuant to section 20-259.01. For the purposes of this subsection, "basic coverage" means any of the following:

1. Bodily injury coverage.

2. Property damage coverage.

3. Uninsured motorist coverage.

4. Underinsured motorist coverage.

5. Medical payments coverage.

6. Comprehensive coverage.

7. Collision coverage.

L. For the purposes of this section, fail to renew or nonrenewal does not include the issuance and delivery of a new policy within the same insurer or an insurer under the same ownership or management as the original insurer as provided in this subsection. An insurer may transfer up to one percent of its policies to an affiliated insurer within one calendar year if under a policy to be transferred one or more of the insureds that are insured under the policy have individually within the past thirty-six months had two or more at-fault accidents under any motor vehicle insurance policy issued by this insurer in which the property damage paid by the insurer for each accident exceeded one thousand five hundred dollars or individually have had three or more moving violations. Moving violations for which an insured completes an approved traffic school program shall not be considered as a moving violation under this section. A company shall not transfer a policy if a named insured agrees in writing to exclude as an insured a person or persons who each individually meet the criteria for transfer pursuant to this subsection and further agrees to exclude coverage for any negligence that may be imputed by law to the named insured arising out of the maintenance, operation or use of a motor vehicle by such excluded person or persons. An insurer shall transfer only those individuals responsible for the at-fault accidents or moving violations, and the excluded or transferred insured's driving record shall not be used in determining rates, surcharges or premiums for the nonexcluded or nontransferred insured. The one percent limit set forth in this subsection shall not apply to transfers of policies from the original insurer to another insurer under the same ownership or management as the original insurer if the rates charged by the other insurer are the same as or lower than the rates charged by the original insurer. No insurer shall transfer policyholders because of their location of residence, age, race, color, religion, sex, national origin or ancestry. Transfers by an insurer pursuant to this subsection shall not be construed to permit a new unrestricted sixty day period for cancellation or nonrenewal.

M. Except as provided in this subsection, an insurer shall not refuse to renew a policy until after August 31, 1998, based on an insured's failure to maintain membership in a bona fide association, until both the insurer and bona fide association have complied with this subsection and shall not refuse to renew any coverage continuously in effect before September 1, 1998, subject to all the following:

1. In addition to any other reason provided in this section, an insurer may refuse to renew an insurance policy issued pursuant to this article if all of the following conditions apply:

(a) The insurer clearly discloses to the applicant and the insured in the application for insurance and insurance policy that both the payment of dues and current membership in the bona fide association are prerequisites to obtaining or renewing the insurance.

(b) Any money paid to the bona fide association as a membership fee:

(i) Is not used by the insurer directly or indirectly to defray any costs or expenses in connection with the sale or purchase of the insurance.

(ii) Is set independently of any factor used by the insurer to make any judgment or determination about the eligibility of any individual, including the member, an employee of a member or a dependent of a member, to purchase or renew the insurance.

(c) The bona fide association has filed a certification with the director verifying the eligibility of the insurer to refuse to renew an insurance policy based on membership in the bona fide association.

2. To qualify as a bona fide association pursuant to this subsection, the association shall meet all of the requirements of this paragraph. The association shall file a statement with the director at least thirty days before the commencement of the offer or sale of insurance as provided by this subsection verifying that the association meets the requirements of this paragraph. The association shall update the filing required by this paragraph at least thirty days before the effective date of any material change in the information contained in the statement, and shall file a separate notice with the director if the insurance described in the statement is no longer available through the association. The statement shall include the following information:

(a) That the association has been in active existence for at least five consecutive years immediately before the filing of the statement.

(b) That the association has been formed and maintained in good faith for purposes other than obtaining or providing insurance and does not condition membership in the association on the purchase of insurance.

(c) That the association has articles of incorporation and bylaws or other similar governing documents.

(d) That the association does not condition membership in the association or set membership fees on the eligibility of any individual, including the member, an employee of the member or a dependent of the member, to purchase or renew the insurance, or on any factor that the insurer could not lawfully consider when setting rates.

(e) That the association has a relationship with a specific insurer or insurers and identifies the insurer or insurers.

3. Membership fees collected by the bona fide association are not premiums of the insurer that issued the coverage unless the bona fide association:

(a) Uses any portion of the membership fees directly or indirectly to defray any costs or expenses in connection with the sale or purchase of the insurance.

(b) Sets or adjusts membership fees for any member of the bona fide association based on any factor used by the insurer that issues the insurance to make any judgment or determination about the eligibility of any individual, including the member, an employee of the member or a dependent of the member, to purchase or renew the insurance.

4. If the membership fees constitute premiums pursuant to paragraph 3 of this subsection, an insurer shall not refuse to renew a policy as otherwise permitted by this subsection.

N. An insurer may issue an endorsement to a private passenger policy that expressly provides coverage for the provision of transportation network services, but that endorsement may not be treated as basic coverage as defined in subsection K of this section and any termination of the endorsement may not be treated as a modification of basic coverage. An insurer may terminate the endorsement allowed by this subsection by giving advance notice of the termination. Any notice by the insurer to the policyholder to terminate the endorsement allowed by this subsection shall be mailed to the named insured by United States mail at least forty-five days before the effective date of the termination. The notice shall include an explanation to the named insured that the further provision of transportation network services following the effective date of the termination may subject the insured to cancellation or nonrenewal of the insured's private passenger motor vehicle policy.

O. This section and section 28-4009 do not create an obligation of an insurer to offer, provide or issue a policy or an endorsement that includes coverage for any liability incurred while a transportation network company driver is logged in to the transportation network company's digital network or software application to be a driver or is providing transportation network services.

P. For the purposes of this section, "transportation network company", "transportation network company driver" and "transportation network services" have the same meanings prescribed in section 28-9551.