Sec 32-1152. Bonds

A. Before granting an original contractor's license, the registrar shall require of the applicant a surety bond in a form acceptable to the registrar or a cash deposit as provided in this section. No contractor's license may be renewed unless the applicant's surety bond or cash deposit is in full force and effect.

B. The bonds, or the cash deposit as provided in this section, shall be in the name of the licensee in amounts fixed by the registrar with the following schedules after giving due consideration to the volume of work and the classification contemplated by the applicant:

1. General commercial building contractors and subclassifications of general commercial contractors shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit in an amount that is determined as follows:

(a) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is ten million dollars or more, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than fifty thousand dollars or more than one hundred thousand dollars.

(b) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than five million dollars and less than ten million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than thirty-five thousand dollars or more than seventy-five thousand dollars.

(c) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than one million dollars and less than five million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than fifteen thousand dollars or more than fifty thousand dollars.

(d) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than five hundred thousand dollars and less than one million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than ten thousand dollars or more than twenty-five thousand dollars.

(e) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than one hundred fifty thousand dollars and less than five hundred thousand dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than five thousand dollars or more than fifteen thousand dollars.

(f) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of five thousand dollars.

2. Specialty commercial contractors shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit in an amount that is determined as follows:

(a) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is ten million dollars or more, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars or more than fifty thousand dollars.

(b) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than five million dollars and less than ten million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than seventeen thousand five hundred dollars or more than thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars.

(c) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than one million dollars and less than five million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than seven thousand five hundred dollars or more than twenty-five thousand dollars.

(d) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than five hundred thousand dollars and less than one million dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than five thousand dollars or more than seventeen thousand five hundred dollars.

(e) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is more than one hundred fifty thousand dollars and less than five hundred thousand dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of not less than two thousand five hundred dollars or more than seven thousand five hundred dollars.

(f) If the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant is less than one hundred fifty thousand dollars, the applicant shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit of two thousand five hundred dollars.

3. The total amount of the surety bond or cash deposit required of a licensee who holds more than one license under paragraphs 1 and 2 of this subsection shall be the sum of the surety bond or cash deposit required for each license based on the estimated annual volume of construction work of the applicant allocated to and performed under each license. The applicant at his option may post a single surety bond or cash deposit that is the sum of the bonds or deposits determined under this subsection for all such licenses.

4. General dual licensed contractors and subclassifications of general dual licensed contractors shall furnish a single surety bond or cash deposit with amounts for each classification of license that are determined based on the volume of commercial work as determined under paragraph 1 of this subsection and the volume of residential work as determined under paragraph 5 of this subsection. Liability under the bond or cash deposit shall be limited to the amount established for each commercial or residential license and is subject to the limitations and requirements set forth in subsection E of this section.

5. General residential contractors and subclassifications of general residential contractors shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit in an amount of not more than fifteen thousand dollars and not less than five thousand dollars.

6. Specialty dual licensed contractors shall furnish a single surety bond or cash deposit with amounts for each classification of license that are determined based on the volume of commercial work as determined under paragraph 2 of this subsection and the volume of residential work as determined under paragraph 7 of this subsection. Liability under the bond or cash deposit shall be limited to the amount established for each commercial or residential license and is subject to the limitations and requirements set forth in subsection E of this section.

7. Specialty residential contractors shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit in an amount of not more than seven thousand five hundred dollars and not less than one thousand dollars.

8. Dual licensed swimming pool contractors and residential swimming pool general contractors shall furnish a surety bond or cash deposit in the same amounts based on the volume of work as determined under paragraph 1 of this subsection for a general commercial contractor.

C. Dual licensed contractors and residential contractors shall also either:

1. Furnish an additional surety bond or cash deposit in the amount of two hundred thousand dollars solely for actual damages suffered by persons injured as described in section 32-1131. This bond shall be subject to the limitations on the amounts that may be awarded to individual claimants as established in section 32-1132.

2. Participate in the residential contractors' recovery fund and pay the assessment prescribed by section 32-1132.

D. The surety bonds shall be executed by the contractor as principal with a corporation duly authorized to transact surety business in this state. Evidence of a surety bond shall be submitted to the registrar in a form acceptable to the registrar. The contractor in the alternative may establish a cash deposit in the amount of the bond with the state treasurer in accordance with rules adopted by the registrar. Such cash bond monies shall be deposited, pursuant to sections 35-146 and 35-147, in the contractors' cash bond fund. The state treasurer shall invest and divest monies in the fund as provided by section 35-313, and monies earned from investment shall be credited to the state general fund. Such cash deposits may be withdrawn, if there are no outstanding claims against them, two years after the termination of the license in connection with which the cash is deposited. The cash deposit may be withdrawn two years after the filing of a commercial surety bond as a replacement to the cash deposit.

E. The bonds or deposit required by subsection B of this section shall be for the benefit of and shall be subject to claims by the registrar of contractors for failure to pay any sum required pursuant to this chapter. The bond or deposit required by subsection B, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of this section is for the benefit of and subject to claims by a licensee under this chapter or a lessee, owner or co-owner of nonresidential real property including, but not limited to, a tenant in common or joint tenant, or their successors in interest, who has a direct contract with the licensee against whose bond or deposit the claim is made and who is damaged by the failure of the licensee to build or improve a structure or appurtenance on that real property at the time the work was performed in a manner not in compliance with the requirements of any building or construction code applicable to the construction work under the laws of this state or any political subdivision, or if no such code was applicable, in accordance with the standards of construction work approved by the registrar. The residential bond or deposit required by subsection B, paragraphs 4 through 8 of this section is for the benefit of and subject to claims by any person furnishing labor, materials or construction equipment on a rental basis used in the direct performance of a construction contract involving a residential structure or by persons injured as defined in section 32-1131. The bond or deposit required by subsection C, paragraph 1 of this section is for the benefit of and is subject to claims only by persons injured as described in section 32-1131. The person seeking recovery from the bond or cash deposit shall maintain an action at law against the contractor if claiming against the cash deposit or against the contractor and surety if claiming against the surety bond. If the person seeking recovery is required to give the notice pursuant to section 33-992.01, he is entitled to seek recovery only if he has given such notice and has made proof of service. The surety bond or cash deposit shall be subject to claims until the full amount thereof is exhausted. The court may award reasonable attorney fees in a judgment against a contractor's surety bond or cash deposit. No suit may be commenced on the bond or for satisfaction from the cash deposit after the expiration of two years following the commission of the act or delivery of goods or rendering of services on which the suit is based, except that time for purposes of claims for fraud shall be measured as provided in section 12-543. The surety bond or cash deposit shall be continuous in form and shall be conditioned so that the total aggregate liability of the surety or cash deposit for all claims, including reasonable attorney fees, shall be limited to the face amount of the surety bond or cash deposit irrespective of the number of years the bond or cash deposit is in force. If the corporate surety desires to make payment without awaiting court or registrar action, the amount of any bond filed in compliance with this chapter shall be reduced to the extent of any payment or payments made by the corporate surety in good faith thereunder. Any such payments shall be based on priority of written claims received by the corporate surety before court or registrar action. If more than one cash deposit exists, the judgment against the contractor shall state which cash deposit shall be used to satisfy the judgment. A certified copy of the judgment shall then be filed with the registrar, and such judgment shall specify that it may be satisfied from the contractor's cash deposit. Priority for payment shall be based on the time of filing with the registrar. On receipt of a certified copy of the judgment or on a final disciplinary order of the registrar, the registrar may authorize payment from the cash deposit of the amount claimed or of whatever lesser amount remains on file. In any action against a cash deposit, the claimant, at the time of filing suit, may notify the registrar in writing of the action against the cash deposit, but shall not name as a defendant in the action the registrar, the treasurer or the state. Failure to so notify the registrar at the time of filing suit may result in the cash deposit being withdrawn by the licensee before judgment pursuant to subsection D of this section.

F. When a corporate surety cancels a bond, the surety, not less than thirty days before the effective date of the cancellation, shall give the principal and the registrar a written notice of the cancellation. Notice to the principal shall be by certified mail in a sealed envelope with postage fully prepaid. Proof of notice to the principal shall be made available to the registrar on request. On reduction or depletion of the cash deposit, the registrar shall immediately notify the licensee of said reduction or depletion and that the licensee must replenish the cash deposit or furnish a surety bond on or before thirty days from the date of said reduction or depletion or the contractor's license shall be suspended on the thirtieth day without further notice or hearing. Notice to the contractor shall be by certified mail in a sealed envelope with postage fully prepaid thereon, addressed to the contractor's latest address of record in the registrar's office. The contractor's license shall be suspended by operation of law on the date the bond is canceled or thirty days from the date of reduction or depletion of the cash deposit unless a replacement bond or cash deposit is on file with the registrar.

G. The registrar and the state treasurer shall have no personal liability for the performance of duties relating to the bonds, cash deposits, certificates of deposit, investment certificates or share accounts required or permitted by this chapter as long as such duties are performed in good faith.

H. In the following instances the registrar, after a hearing, may require, as a condition precedent to issuance, renewal, continuation or removal of suspension of a license, a surety bond or cash deposit in an amount and duration to be fixed by the registrar based on the seriousness of the violations, which shall be not more than ten times the amount required by subsection B of this section:

1. When a license of either the applicant or the qualifying party has been suspended or revoked or a surety bond or cash deposit requirement has been increased under section 32-1154 previously as the result of disciplinary action for a violation of this chapter.

2. When either the applicant or qualifying party was an officer, member, partner or qualifying party for a licensee at any time during which cause for disciplinary action occurred resulting in suspension or revocation of such licensee's license and such applicant or qualifying party had knowledge of or participated in the act or omission that was the cause of such disciplinary action for a violation of this chapter.

3. The bonds required by this subsection shall be in addition to any other bond or cash deposit required by this chapter or any other bond required of a contractor by an owner or any other contracting party on any contract undertaken by him pursuant to the authority of such license.